如何去选择，去扑灭森林大火还是任其燃烧

hgjfghhgfh · 发表于 2018-12-6 22:16:31

经典图书

HowtoDecidetoFightaforestfireorLetitBurn

November2018

byMelissaeFellet,ASME.org

摘自

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Howdoforestmanagersandfirefightersdecidetofightawildfireorletitburn?

AtatimewhenwildfireshaverunwildacrosswesternNorthAmerica,Thequestionseemsalmostirrelevant.In2018,

thecarrfireinnorthernCalifoniaengulfedmorethan1000homesandkilledthreefirefighters,whileacomplexofthree

firesaroundMendocinoburnedevenlarger.Together,thosetwofiresconsumedalmostasmuchlandastheentirestate

ofRhodeIsland-andthereweremanymorefiresinIdaho,Oregon,Montana,andWashington.

Thedevastationanddestructionmaynotendsoon.Fireseasonisgettinglongerandneighborhoodsincreasinglystrech

intowildland.Yetfireisnotinherentlybad.Firearenature'swayofdisposingofdeadandrottingtreesandclearingbrush

sothatnewtreescantakeroot.Paradoxically,suppressingfiresmakesthenextfireevenworse,sinceitleavesallthatfuel

onthegroundwhereitcanfeedamorepowerfulconflagration.

Since1960,researchersandengineersattheU.S.ForestServiceFireSciencesLaboratoryinMissoula,Mont.,haveused

experimentsandcomputermodelstolearnhowfuel,weather,andterraininfluencethespreadofwildfire.Nowthatsame

fundamentalsciencecanguidecontrolledburnsofdenseforests,leavingflame-resilientecosystemsbehind.

护林员和消防员是怎样做出选择是去扑灭大火还是任其燃烧的呢？
<divalign="left">有一次，野火经过美国的西北野外，好像和问题没啥关系。在2018年，加利福利亚北部的大火“卡尔”吞没了1000座房屋，烧死了三个消防员,然而毁坏没有很快结束。火季正在变长，社区日益深入荒芜之地。但是大火本质上不坏。大火是大自然处理死树腐树并将它们清理到荒芜之地的